Bibliography.
McFarland, Kenneth [Internet] Botany 111 Fall 2013. [cited ADD DATE]. Available from http://botany1112013.blogspot.com/
In text citation.
(McFarland, 2013)
Wednesday, October 16, 2013
Lab Materials
Information to include
in the Materials and Methods section. Rewrite this information in your
style.
Equipment and Software
MicroAquarium™: is a 75 X 50 X 4mm glass chamber designed for
studying small aquatic organisms with a compound or dissecting
microscope. It is made with two 75 X 50 cm microscope slide glasses
sandwiched together with a 2mm space between. It is sealed on three sides
(two short and one long side) with 100% Silicone Aquarium Sealant from
All-Glass Aquarium Co., Franklin, WI– www.all-glass.com. The MicroAquarium™ is stored vertically (open
end up) in a plastic stand with a clear plastic cap over the opening.
Microscopes: Non –
camera compound microscopes: Observations of MicroAquarium™ made using Micromaster by Fisher
Scientific compound microscope at 40X and 100X objectives.
http://www.olympusamerica.com/
Microscopes:
Compound microscopes
with digital cameras: Olympus CH30 (http://www.olympusamerica.com/) or Leitz Laborlux 11, Leitz Laborlux D or
Leitz Wetzlar (http://www.leica-microsystems.com ) with trinocular heads. Images made at 40X,
100X and 400X (long focus objective).
Dissecting Microscope: Olympus S240 with 0.67- 4.0 zoom objective and
trinocular head (http://www.olympusamerica.com/).
Cameras:
Compound Microscopes: Sony Handycam HDR-HC9, HDR-XR500v (http://www.sony.com/index.php), or Canon EOS T3i cameras for digital imaging
and video recording. Cameras mounted to the trinocular head on the Olympus Ch30
and Leitz compound microscopes with to a Martin Microscope MM99 Adapter S/N:
4310 (http://www.martinmicroscope.com/) adapter.
Dissecting Microscope: Infinity 2 – Lumenera Corp www.Lumenera.com 7 Capella Court.
Ottawa, On K2E 8A7 Canada
Computers: Dell Inc. (http://www.dell.com/) Optiplex 755 or Optiplex 980. Operating system
Microsoft Windows XP.
Software: Images processed with Adobe Photoshop Elements 7.0. Adobe Systems Incorporated, 345 Park Ave, San Jose CA, 95110. Videos processed with Pinnacle Studio 12.1. Pinnacle Systems, Inc, 280 North Bernardo Ave Mountain View, CA 94943.
Software: Images processed with Adobe Photoshop Elements 7.0. Adobe Systems Incorporated, 345 Park Ave, San Jose CA, 95110. Videos processed with Pinnacle Studio 12.1. Pinnacle Systems, Inc, 280 North Bernardo Ave Mountain View, CA 94943.
Lab room 507 Hesler environment from October 22 – November 14, 2013
Temperature: range 15.60 – 17.90 C
Light sources: primary lighting provided from 1 – 15 cm, 30
watt cool light fluorescent lamps suspended 150cm above MicroAquarium™.
Incidental lighting from classroom’s 121 cm long 40 watt cool light fluorescent
ceiling fixtures.
Light energy: 3 - 8 PAR* (light energy range – low
value from suspended light fixture, high values with suspended light fixture
and overhead room ceiling lights)
Light cycle: suspended light fixture illumination 24 hrs/day
and ceiling lights illumination at random time periods between 8:00 AM –
12:00PM during duration of experiment.
* A measure of photosynthetic active radiation, between 400 to 700 nanometers, photosynthetic organisms absorb to drive the light reaction of photosynthesis.
* A measure of photosynthetic active radiation, between 400 to 700 nanometers, photosynthetic organisms absorb to drive the light reaction of photosynthesis.
Tuesday, September 24, 2013
An inquiry into the dynamic microorganisms in our environment.
The term project is adjunct
to normal course work and is worth 85 points of your grade.
OBJECTIVE
The living organisms in our
world are varied in life form, complexity and diversity. During the course of the semester we will be
looking at 4 of the 5 Kingdoms of living organism, some on a micro scale and
others on a macro scale. Our systematic overview
of these organisms gives you a limited general perspective of the diversity of
life. This project will allow you to observe
many of the smaller organisms seen in lab in a dynamic environment.
BACKGROUND
Life on earth is diverse and
ubiquitous, filling large and small niches but limited by temperature, water
and energy resources. Individual
organisms live in a community where they are competing for space and
resources. The complexity of these
communities can vary depending on where they are located. Warm wet environments generally have greater
species diversity than cold and/or dry environments. Within a defined environment, organisms vary
greatly in size. Because of the limitation
of the human eye’s perception, we divide the organisms into macro and micro
categories.
After a rain, the pool of
water which forms on the previous dry sidewalk will in a short time flourish
with many tiny organisms. The bark on a
tree harbors many microorganisms which are usually dormant when the bark is
dry. When wetted these organisms come to
life but are only visible with the microscope aided eye. In ponds organism are stratified at different
levels in the water – all occupying different niches. You can go anywhere in the
environment, collect organic material, give it moisture and nutrients and watch
the many small organisms emerge and compete among themselves for resources.
Procedure
Each student will have their
own MicroAquarium™ to study a collection of microorganisms. During lab (posted in syllabus) you will be
setting up your individual MicroAquarium™.
The MicroAquarium™ will be kept in
Setting up your MicroAquarium™
In the lab will be an
assortment of waters collected from various sources which can be used in your
MicroAquarium™. You can also collect
your own material and extract the organisms for your MicroAquarium™. Let your instructor know if you want to do
the later. Record the source of material
used in your aquarium.
1. Obtain a MicroAquarium™. It will have a glass tank, a stand holder and
lid.
2. Using the color dots
provided, code your tank as follows.
a. On the left hand side edge,
place three colored dots in a vertical column as follows
i.
The top dot will be the color designated for your lab section.
ii.
The second dot will indicate the table you sit at during lab.
iii.
The third dot will be the seat number at your table.
b. Now write your initials on
the three colored dots.
3. Using a pipet, extract water
from one of the containers on the lab bench or from water sources in the
greenhouse or from the extraction you have created.
a. Extract enough water from
the bottom of the container to fill the MicroAquarium™ tank about 1/3 full.
b. Extract the next 1/3 of
water for your tank from the middle layer.
c. Then fill the rest of your tank
with water from the surface.
4. Place your tank in its stand,
then decorate it with some plant parts or mosses or other objects provided.
Observing the contents of your MicroAquarium™.
You can observe the contents
of the MicroAquarium™- with a hand lens or microscope.
1. Using a hand lens.
a. Hold the hand lens in one
hand and bring the lens up close to your eye.
b. With the other hand hold the
tank, without tipping the open end, and bring it up to toward the hand
lens. You will focus your view by moving
the tank back and forth and not the hand lens.
2. Using the microscope.
a. Remove the stand and lid
from the MicroAquarium™ tank.
b. Gentle lay the tank on the
microscope stage with the open end away from you. The water will not come out. When using the
compound scope you can place it in the slide holder and move the tank with the
appropriate knobs. On the dissecting scope
lay the tank flat and manipulate it with your fingers.
Things to look for and record.
The tank with have living
organisms and various forms of debris.
1. Stationary vs. moving
organisms.
2. If moving, a description of
motion.
3. Single celled vs. multicellular
organisms.
4. Chlorophyll green vs.
non-green organisms.
5. Habitat preference of the
different organisms – bottom, middle or tops
6. For each organism record if
you have seen only one or many of them.
Observing your
MicroAquarium™ each week.
You are to come and observe
your MicroAquarium™ at least once a week over the next four weeks.
BRING YOUR NOTES AND
OBSERVATIONS FROM EACH WEEK
The MicroAquarium™ and other
equipment will be located in
1. What changes have occurred
from the last observation?
2. Have the numbers of each
organism increased, decreased or stayed about the same?
3. Are there dead organisms in
the bottom layer of the tank?
4. Create a list of the
organism you observed and a book citation for its identification.
Open times for you to come
and view your MicroAquarium™ will be
posted by the doors of Room 204 and 507. An instructor to assist
you in your observation will be present during these times.
YOUR BLOG
A community project: In order for all the students
and teaching staff in the class to interact on this project, each student will
record their project in a personal blog.
All blogs will be indexed in a Class blog: http://botany1112013.blogspot.com/ The class blog will provide you with
information on the project as time goes on.
It will also have a listing of all the other student blogs by lab
sections. Your blog will be listed by your Display name, Blog title or created
pseudonym which ever you prefer. We will not use your real name in the
index.
How to set up a blog: Set up your
blog at “Blogger.com” through Google.
1. Go to https://www.blogger.com/tour_start.g
2. Click on the orange Create a
Blog button and follow instructions.
Then send the following
information to Botanylab@gmail.com
1. Your name and lab section - this information will NOT be displayed in the
class blog index – only your lab instructor will have access to this
information
2. Your Display name – the name
you want displayed in the class Blog to identify you.
3. Blog title.
4. Blog address URL
What goes in your blog?
Your blog is an open notebook of your activities while working on this project. You should add to your blog each week – each week’s entry should appear before Monday of the following week.
1. Things you should include
a. The name of the water source
you used in setting up your MicroAquarium™
including other objects you might have added.
b. Observations you make each week from your
MicroAquarium™.
c. Images of organisms:
A minimum of five images/videos
are to be included. All images should be yours.
NO IMAGES EXTRACTED FORM THE WEB
or copied from other sources. FOR EACH
IMAGE YOU CREATE SITE A BOOK SOURCE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE ORGANISMS.
d. When searching for information on the web include
URL’s you found useful and what information was pertinent to your project.
e. A list of the organisms found in your MicroAquarium™,
approximate numbers observed, date when first observed and date when last
observed.
f. Image of the organism in your MicroAquarium™ - image
equipment is available in room 202.
2. Other pertinent comments, questions, or images you
want to add are up to you.
3. Since this information can
be read by others make sure you compose complete sentences with correct
spelling and grammar
Term Project report
Due 5:00 PM Nov. 27, 2013: 30 PTS.
Submit your written term
project report to your laboratory instructor.
No term project reports will be
accepted after 5:00 PM Nov 27 2013. What
to include in your Lab report.
Document Format
·
Typed – text double spaced. Use 10 or 12-point font including tables and
graphs.
·
Each section heading in bolded.
·
Tables, graphs and figures are numbered and include
a title i.e. (Table 1, Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic respiration)
·
Follow the CBE style guide appendix E of lab book. Understand the difference between “in text
citations” and “bibliography”.
Format for Reporting MicroAquarium™
Project Research Results
Your Blog and this report are two separate instruments of
communication. DO NOT CUT AND PASTE YOUR
BLOG INFORMATION OR IMAGES INTO THE LAB COMMUNICATION. The Lab Communication is
an explanation of what you did. Your
reader can go to your blog to see your observations.
TITLE - Title for your Microaquarium project. It should be succinct in describing your
investigation.
A.
Under title give your
1) Name, 2) Section number 3) “Display Name” (as used in the class blog) and 4)
blog URL.
PART I – Introduction
(5 points)
A.
What was the scope of this investigation?
B.
Give a description of each kingdom of organism that
applies to your study –- Eubacteria, Protista,
Plantae, Fungi, and/or Animalia.
C.
Discuss the ecosystem these organism live in and how
it might affect their life cycle, diet, and behavior?
D.
What water source did you use? What do you know
about it?
E.
Describe the utility of the MicroAquarium™ in your
investigation of the above organisms?
PART II – Materials and Methods (5 points) What did you do?
A.
How did you setup your MicroAquarium™? Give a
complete description of how the MicroAquarium™ was assembled and material placed
inside it. Be explicit and descriptive!
B.
Describe the
equipment used and how it was used in making observations.(See Class Blog for
equipment details)
C.
Describe the environmental conditions the organisms
lived in while in the lab room and what and when things were added (See Class
Blog for environment details of lab room.)
D.
What kind of observations were you recording in your
blog? Explain what you were recording and not specific events you recorded.
E.
How many observations did you make and the time
intervals between?
PART III – Results
(5 points) Argument: What did you find?
A.
Using the table format below list the organisms
(including the plants you added) found in your MicroAquarium™
Create a table
with these column heading: Name of Organism; Eubacteria; Single Celled
Protista; Muticellular Protista; Fungi; Plantae; Animalia; during which
observation (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) did they first appear and relative abundance( 1,
2-10, 11 – 20, 21-100rd ).
List all your organisms (scientific and common name) in the first column
then indicate with a “X” which kingdom they belong in.
Table # and title go
here
|
Organism
|
Eukaryote
Or Prokaryote
|
Eubacteria
|
Single Celled Protista
|
Multicellular Protista
|
Fungi
|
Plantae
|
Animalia
|
Observation When First Appeared
|
Relative Abundance
|
|
Rana catesbeiana Bullfrog 1
|
E
|
|
|
|
|
|
X
|
5
|
1
|
|
Etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Kroug, D. 2002
PART IV – Summary and Discussion (10 points)
A.
SUMMARIZE the events that occurred in your
MicroAquarium™. Discuss the impact the Betta food pellet and any other events
(like a broken glass event) had on your MicroAquarium™. DO NOT COPY AND PASTE YOUR OBSERVATIONS and
images FROM YOUR BLOG
B.
From the class blog - find TWO other people who used
the same water source (define the common water source) as you and compare their
findings to yours. Cite these sources as a web site.
C.
Similarly select TWO other people who had different
water sources (define their water sources) than you and compare their results
to yours. Cite these sources as a web site.
Part V - Bibliography (5 Points) What references
did I use for this report? DO NOT COPY AND PASTE YOUR BIBLIOGRAPHY FROM
YOUR BLOG. If you used the same
resources you can include them here.
Accurately cites sources you used. Use the CBE style guide on page 165 of
lab book
Citation of information used in creating your written
document should follow the CBE citation guide format example at Follow
the CBE citation style. See Appendix E or
http://www.lib.washington.edu/help/guides/42cbe.pdf
as a guide. This covers standard format styles for
different types of information sources ie books, journals, internet etc. To
keep track of all your citations use Endnotes at http://www.lib.utk.edu/refs/endnote/endnote-web.html see tutorials on this page on getting
started. When using information you have
acquired from other sources cite the source at the end of the sentence it was used in and not at the end of paragraph.
What do I turn
into my lab instructor?
·
A hard copy and or E-mail on or before 5:00 PM
November 27, 2013
·
Include your 1) Name, 2) Section number, 3) display
name and 4) blog URL
Grade Structure for Term project.
1. Blog setup by due date 5
pts
2. Blog entries observations: initial setup and next four weeks -10 pts
each 50 pts
3. Lab report
30 pts
4. Total points
85 pts
Web sites of interest.
Microscope: http://starcentral.mbl.edu/microscope/portal.php
Micrographia: http://www.micrographia.com/index.htm
Pond life Identification
kit: http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/index.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/pond/index.html
The Smallest Page
on the Web: http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/wimsmall/smal1.html
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